System archetypes of the energy transition
June 2025 The energy transition is a process of disruptive innovation and structural transformation. Given the countless moving parts and complex interactions of global energy systems, this process often involves change that is non-linear and difficult to predict. In...
Carbon budgets are not enough: the case for transition milestones
May 2025 A governance framework can direct a government’s attention to questions that need addressing, support planning and decision-making, and increase accountability. Most countries aim to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by around the middle of this...
Analytical tools for innovation and competitiveness in the low carbon transition
Simon Sharpe, Anna Murphy, Frank Geels, Roberto Pasqualino, Tatiana Vasconcelos, and Jean-Francois Mercure February 2025 How can economic analysis help governments respond more effectively to the challenges and opportunities of the low-carbon transition? This report...